Ubushakashatsi niterambere rya dimethyldiethoxysilane

Igisubizo rusange silicone resin ikoreshwa cyane nka polymer wibanze yubushyuhe butarwanya ubushyuhe, ubwirinzi bwikirere hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwamashanyarazi.

1.2 ubwihindurize bwa tekinike ya silicone resin

Mu bwoko bwose bwa silimone polymers, silicone resin ni ubwoko bwibicuruzwa bya silicone bihujwe kandi bigashyirwa hakiri kare. Ugereranije niterambere ryihuse ryiterambere rya silicone reberi yubuhanga bwo kuvugurura, iterambere ryikoranabuhanga rya silicone risigaye gahoro gahoro, kandi iterambere rikomeye ryikoranabuhanga ni rito. Kuva hashize imyaka igera kuri 20, kubera iterambere rya tekiniki ya poloteri irwanya ubushyuhe bwa heterocyclic ya heterocyclic, zimwe murizo zabanje gukoreshwa mubijyanye na silicone. Nyamara, uburozi bwa solvent hamwe nuburyo bukomeye bwo gukiza bwa aromatic heterocyclic polimeri irwanya ubushyuhe bwagabanije gukoreshwa. Mu myaka yashize, abantu batangiye kwita cyane kubushakashatsi niterambere rya silicone. Silicone resin ifite ubushyuhe bwagutse kandi irwanya gusaza. Imikorere hamwe na hydrophobi yubushuhe-bwiza nibikorwa byiza nibindi byiza byingenzi, hari ibimenyetso byerekana ko silicone resin ishobora kugira umwanya munini witerambere mugihe kizaza.

2. Rusange ya silicone

2.1 uburyo bwo kubyaza umusaruro silicone rusange

Ubwoko butandukanye bwa silicone bufite ibikoresho bibisi n'inzira za syntetique. Muri iyi nyandiko, uburyo bwo gukora ubwoko butandukanye bwa silicone butangizwa.

2.1.1 methyl silicone

2.2.1.1 synthesis ya methylsilicone resin kuva methylchlorosilane

Methylsilicone ihujwe na methylchlorosilane nkibikoresho nyamukuru. Bitewe nuburyo butandukanye hamwe nibigize silikoni (urwego ruhuza urwego rwa silicone, ni ukuvuga, [CH3] / [Si] agaciro), hakenewe imiterere itandukanye.

Iyo R / Si nkeya ([CH3] / [Si] ≈ 1.0) methyl silicone resin ikomatanyirijwe hamwe, umuvuduko wa hydrolysis hamwe na kondegene ya reaction yibintu nyamukuru byibanze monomers methyltrichlorosilane birihuta cyane, kandi ubushyuhe bwibisubizo bugomba kugenzurwa cyane muri 0 ℃ , kandi reaction igomba gukorerwa mumashanyarazi, kandi igihe cyo kubika ibicuruzwa byakozwe mubushyuhe bwicyumba ni iminsi mike. Ubu bwoko bwibicuruzwa bifite agaciro gake.

Muri synthesis ya R / Si methylsilicone resin, methyltrichlorosilane na dimethyldichlorosilane bikoreshwa. Nubwo hydrolytic condensation reaction yuruvange rwa methyltrichlorosilane na dimethyldichlorosilane itinda gato ugereranije na methyltrichlorosilane yonyine, umuvuduko wa hydrolytic reaction ya methyltrichlorosilane na dimethyldichlorosilane uratandukanye cyane, akenshi biterwa na hydrolytic ya methyltrich. Hydrolyzate ntabwo ihuye nikigereranyo cya monomers zombi, kandi methyl chlorosilane ikunze kuba hydrolyz kugirango ikore gele ihuza abantu, bikavamo imiterere mibi yuzuye ya methyl silicone resin yabonetse muri hydrolysis ya monomer eshatu.

2.2.1.2 synthesis ya methylsilicone kuva methylalkoxysilane

Igipimo cyibisubizo bya hydrolysis ya methylalkoxysilane irashobora kugenzurwa no guhindura imiterere. Guhera kuri methylalkoxysilane, methylsilicone resin hamwe nimpamyabumenyi zitandukanye zishobora guhuzwa.

Methylsilicone yubucuruzi ifite urwego ruciriritse rwo guhuza ([CH3] / [Si] ≈ 1.2-1.5) itegurwa ahanini na hydrolysis hamwe na methylalkoxysilane. Monomers ya methyltriethoxysilane na dimethyldiethoxysilane yatunganijwe na deacidification ivangwa namazi, ikongerwamo aside hydrochloric acide cyangwa ingano ikwiye ya acide cation ihinduranya resin (ingaruka za catalizike ya macroporome ikomeye ya acide ion ihinduranya ni byiza), kandi ubeho. Ibumba ryimibonano mpuzabitsina (ryumye nyuma ya acide) rikoreshwa nka catalizator, gushyuha na hydrolyzed. Iyo impera yanyuma igeze, ongeramo urugero rukwiye rwa hexamethyldisilazane kugirango uhindure aside aside hydrochloric, cyangwa ushungure ion ihinduranya ryibumba cyangwa ibumba rikora rikoreshwa nka catalizator kugirango uhagarike reaction. Ibicuruzwa byabonetse ni igisubizo cya alcool ya methylsilicone resin.

2.2.2 methyl phenyl silicone

Ibikoresho nyamukuru bibyara umusaruro winganda za methylphenyl silicone resin ni methyltrichlorosilane, dimethyldichlorosilane, Phenyltrichlorosilane na Diphenyldichlorosilane. Bamwe cyangwa bose ba monomers bavuzwe haruguru bongerewe hamwe na toluene ya soluène cyangwa xylene, bivanze muburyo bukwiye, bigwa mumazi munsi yubushyuhe, ubushyuhe bugenzurwa na hydrolysis reaction, na HCl (hydrochloric acide aqueous solution), biva mubisubizo bya reaction, bivanwaho no gukaraba amazi. Umuti wa hydrolyzed silicone uraboneka, hanyuma igice cyumuti ugahinduka umwuka kugirango habeho inzoga ya silicone yibanze, hanyuma resin ya silicone itegurwa nubukonje bukonje cyangwa ubushyuhe bwa reaction, hanyuma resin ya silicone irangiye iboneka binyuze mu kuyungurura no gupakira.

2.2.3 intego rusange methyl phenyl vinyl silicone resin nibiyigize

Igikorwa cyo gukora methyl phenyl vinyl silicone resin isa nkiya methyl phenyl silicone resin, usibye ko usibye methyl chlorosilane na fenil chlorosilane monomers, umubare ukwiye wa methyl vinyl dichlorosilane hamwe na vinyl irimo monomers ya silicone. ibikoresho. Monomers ivanze yarashizwemo hydrolyz, irakaraba kandi yibanda cyane kugirango ibone hydrolyzed silanol yibanze, yongeramo catisale yumunyu ngugu wa aside aside, igabanya ubushyuhe kumyanya yabugenewe mbere, cyangwa igenzura aho iherezo ryayo ikwiranye nigihe cyagenwe, no gutegura methyl phenyl vinyl silicone resin.

Methylphenyl hydropolysiloxane, ikoreshwa nkibigize crosslinker hiyongereyeho reaction ya methylphenyl vinyl silicone resin, mubisanzwe ni impeta cyangwa umurongo wa polymer ufite urwego ruto rwa polymerizasi. Bikorewe na hydrolysis no kuzenguruka methylhydrodichlorosilane, cyangwa na hydrolysis ya CO hamwe na methylhydrodichlorosilane, Phenyltrichlorosilane na trimethylchlorosilane.

2.2.4 silicone yahinduwe

Umusaruro wo kuvanga silicone yahinduwe hamwe na resin organique mubisanzwe uri muri toluene cyangwa xylene yumuti wa methylphenyl silicone resin, ukongeramo resin ya alkyd, resin ya fenolike, resin ya acrylic nibindi bisigazwa kama, kuvanga neza kugirango ubone ibicuruzwa byarangiye.

Copolymerized yahinduwe silicone resin itegurwa nurukurikirane rw'imiti. Ibisigazwa by’ibinyabuzima bishobora gukoporora hamwe na silicone harimo polyester, epoxy, fenolike, melamine formaldehyde, polyacrylate, nibindi. Inzira zitandukanye za syntetique zirashobora gukoreshwa mugutegura silicone ya silikoni, ariko uburyo bukoreshwa mubikorwa byinganda ni kopolymerisation yinzoga ya silicone na resin organic. Ni ukuvuga, hydrolysis ya methyl chlorosilane na fenil chlorosilane monomers hamwe kugirango babone igisubizo cya hydrolyzed silicon alcool cyangwa igisubizo cyibanze, hanyuma ukongeramo pre-synthesised organic resin prepolymer kuri catalizator, hanyuma ukavanga co cope ya evaporation solvent, ukongeramo zinc, zinc naphthenate nibindi bitera, na cocondensation reaction ku bushyuhe bwa dogere 150-170, kugeza igihe ibintu byabigenewe bigera ku bwiza bukwiye cyangwa igihe cyagenwe cyagenwe, gukonja, Ongeraho umusemburo wo gushonga no kuyungurura kugirango ubone ibicuruzwa byarangiye bya silicone ya silicone.